The Constitutional Provisions Of Teachers - 976 Words

Teachers rights are extremely important to teachers. These rights range from certain freedoms, prohibition against certain forms of discrimination, and significant protections against dismissal (Bieger article). There are a number of ways that these rights are formed. All of these rights are formed from state and federal constitutional provisions, state and federal statutes, and federal regulations. All of these rights are beneficial to the teachers, but can cause controversy as well that may ultimately lead to strikes. Becoming a teacher requires other certifications and laws, that are important to understand and know when becoming a teacher. Constitutional provisions protect teachers at public schools that are not able to teach at private schools. Some of the rights that these teachers obtain are due process rights, which involve a notice of termination and a right to hearing in certain circumstances. They also have freedom of expression and association. Other rights under the cons titutional provisions include academic freedom and protection against unreasonable searches and seizures by school officials of a teacher’s personal property. I believe that these are beneficial for a teacher to obtain because they are able to voice their opinion, and be protected at the same time. The teachers’ rights are all derived from The Bill of Rights, First Amendment, and Fourth Amendment, so this was not surprising to me that we have these rights as teachers. Freedom fromShow MoreRelatedThe Right Of Education Act ( Rte ) Essay1471 Words   |  6 Pagesgroup of those countries who provide for a constitutional right to free and compulsory education to its children. The RTE Act mandates that â€Å"every child of the age of six to fourteen years shall have a right to free and compulsory education in a neighbourhood school till completion of elementary education.† As per Section 12(1) of the Act, it is from within this neighbourhood that each school is to a dmit children belonging to EWS. This particular provision deals the issue of Quality of Education, ChoiceRead MoreEssay On Reinstatement1139 Words   |  5 PagesIn addition to dismissal for causes related to teacher performance and fitness, legislation generally permits the release of teachers for reasons related to declining enrollment, financial exigency, and school district consolidation. Whereas most state statutes provide for such terminations, some states have adopted legislation that specifies the basis for selection of released teachers, procedures to be followed, and provisions for reinstatement. 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Constitutional law deals with the fundamental principles by which the governments exercise its authority; therefore, making it necessary to amend the constitution as the country’s beliefs and values change. Both the U.S. Constitution and Texas Constitution, demonstrate a parallelism between civil liberties that guarantees personal freedoms that the governmentRead MoreGraduation Speech On The State Of Virginia864 Words   |  4 PagesThose requirements include educating a child that has reached the fifth birthday on or before September 30 of any school year and who has not passed the eighteenth birthday. The parent must prove that they either hold a high school diploma or is a teacher of qualifications prescribed by the Board of Education, or provides a program of study or curriculum which may be delivered through a correspondence course or distance learning program or in any other manner. In brief, Virginia law requires parentsRead MoreThe Violation Of The First Amendment Essay1644 Words   |  7 PagesISSUE: Does having members who opt out of a union continue to pay agency fees violate the First Amendment to the Constitution? Friedrichs v. California Teachers Association 136 S. Ct. 1083, 194 L. Ed. 2d 255 The issue at hand is whether or not it is a violation of the First Amendment to the Constitution to require non-union members to pay agency fees. Agency fees are used to pay for representing employees and negotiating contracts, in addition to lobbying activities to support collective bargainingRead MoreUniversal Education1508 Words   |  7 Pages11 important Problems of Universalization of Education and their Remedies SWASTIK Universalization of Elementary Education is Constitutional directive. Education is every bodys birth-right and it is binding on any government to provide facilities for education for children who are born and reach the school-going age. It was stipulated to achieve Universalization within 10 years from the introduction of Constitution and that is by 1960. But it is now more than three decades after the scheduled timeRead MoreOn January 1, 2016, The Institute Of Contemporary History1736 Words   |  7 Pagesprohibit the free exercise of religious freedom, and curtail the freedom of speech, peaceful assembly, or the submission of a petition to the government. Presently, there are similar statutory provisions in many democracies across the world (Peters 5). Over the years, the U.S. Supreme Court has dealt with this provision of the First Amendment in a number of landmark decisions. With regards to censorship of books, the most popular case is the 1982 split decision in Board of Education v. Pico, 457 U.S. 853Read MoreDue Process Procedures Essay1020 Words   |  5 Pagesprocess simply mean educators accused of something have protection. The protection should be fair and reasonable to balance social concern such as government affair and criminal behavior. The employee rights originated from state and federal constitutional provisions, statues, and regulations. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 protects educators employed in private or public schools (Oliva, 2009). In addition, the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment protects educators from discrimination;Read More Thomas Jefferson Essay1064 Words   |  5 Pagesof the family and so he received the bulk of his father’s assets, leaving him with a sizable fortune. He received his early education along with his sisters and cousins near the family farm, and later was sent away to be tutored by a professional teacher in foreign languages and more advanced sciences and math. Beginning in 1760 Jefferson began attending the College of William and Mary in Williamsburg, Virginia. While there he began studying such enlightenment thinkers as Sir Francis Bacon, Sir Isaac

Latino Culture Related to Purnell Model - 1750 Words

Latino Culture Related To Purnell Model NSG 3069 Norfolk State University Twelve Domains in Purnell Model Cultural competence is the ability to interact well with people of different cultural backgrounds (Rundle, 2002). It provides the best ways of meeting the needs of diverse patient population which is always on the increase, as well as ways of effectively advocating for them. This means that cultural competence has the benefit of enabling nurses to deliver services that respect and effectively respond to health beliefs and practice needs of diverse patients. Through the process of globalization, nurses are moving to places of nursing shortage to offer their knowledge and skills beyond their home†¦show more content†¦However, it is worth noting that a great deal of Latino’s are private wage and salary workers and many others employed as chief executives, physicians and surgeons, teachers, lawyers and reporters. With regard to women, their primary role is to fully participate in the Hispanic culture and keep the family together. Bio-cultur al ecology When it comes to identifying the Latino’s population by a type of skin color most would consider themselves as Caucasian while a few identify themselves as Black. Many others associate themselves with indigenous race while others are increasingly identifying themselves as â€Å"other†. Their origins range from Mexico, Puerto Rico, Cuba and Guatemala. Notable differences among the Latino groups center on the aspects of language refinement, educational status, cultural values and attitudes toward mental health treatment (Brice, 2001). I found that an America Latino’s are prone to illnesses such as COPD, diabetes, asthma and obesity. Diabetes and heart disease are great in Latinos then the non-Latin population is attributed to lifestyles difference such as the intake of fatty foods. It is very difficult to detect some illnesses due to their biological variations of individuals from the Latino communities. Some illnesses take time before they are detected and effectively treated and that is why there is no specific genetic disease associated with the Latino community. But research has been known to find cases of sickle

Protestant Reformation Free Essays

Before his death at the Second Battle of Kappel (Capel) on October 1 1, 1531, at the age of 47, Zwingli had accomplished much in the way of developing the theology of the growing Protestant faith. While Zwingli and Luther may have agreed on many points of the faith one area of profound division was over the presence of Christ’s body in the Communion. Luther held to the belief that when one partook of the bread and wine that, while the bread and wine did not change into the body and blood of Christ, the body and blood were present with them to nourish the believer. We will write a custom essay sample on Protestant Reformation or any similar topic only for you Order Now Zwingli, on the other hand firmly believed that that bread and the wine and the actions accompanying them in the Communion were strictly symbolic of a more spiritual reality. 6 According to Lindsay, the Fourth thesis at the Bern Disputation of 1 528 states that, † it cannot be proved from the Scripture that the Body and Blood of Christ are substantially and corporeally received in the Eucharist. 7 With this, Zwingli would agree. While Zwingli was not willing to part ways entirely with the Catholic Church in regards to infant baptism he was an ardent advocate of allowing the clergy to marry. In a meeting in which Zwingli had composed sixty-seven theses to be presented and debated he said, † I know of no greater nor graver scandal than that which forbids lawful marriage to priests, and yet permits them on payment of money to have concubines and harlots. Fie for shame! â€Å"8 There were many area of disagreement between the Reformers and the established Church, such as who should rule and ake laws governing botn church and state. Zwingli upheld the right ot the state to make laws and govern religion but also allowed the people to rise up and rebel against the ruling parties if necessary. This was in great contrast to the stand taken by the Anabaptist in later years. Though changes were slow in coming and in many cases were hard won, major changes were taking place in regards to how the church was to be governed, who was to receive the cup and bread, whether or not priests were allowed to marry, as well as many other theological issues. One group that came about as a process of Zwingli’s teachings, though they did ot feel that Zwingli had carried scripture or the reform of the church to its logical conclusion, was the Anabaptists. Though often referred to as â€Å"rebaptizers† due to their unwillingness to accept infant baptism or baptisms performed by the Catholic Church, they would â€Å"re-baptize† those individuals. The Anabaptists themselves did not believe they were re-baptizing people because they had not been scripturally baptized in the first place. 9 Wanting to restore the church to what they believed it was in the first century, adherents were more accurately â€Å"restorationists† than reformationists. Called Radical Reformers they were considered heretical and seditious by the Catholic Church as well as other Protestant groups for their rejection of the established churches. Believing that all other faiths had corrupted the Word of God and the practices established in Scripture Anabaptists broke from fellowship with other believers. One of the main forces of the Anabaptist movement was Thomas Muntzer. He wrote several scathing attacks against Luther, in one tract calling Luther, † the unspiritual soft-living flesh in Wittenberg, whose robbery and distortion of Scripture has so grievously polluted our wretched Christian Church. In he same tract he called Luther â€Å"Father Pussyfoot,† â€Å"Dr. Liar† and â€Å"the Pope of Wittenberg. â€Å"11 thus reinforcing the discontent and separation between the Anabaptists and other groups of Protestants. Change was occurring over many parts of Europe. Men like Luther, Calvin, and Zwingli were attempting to right what they believed were the wrongs and atrocities being forced on the people by a corrupt Church and nation. The Catholic Church and the Emperors or kings throughout the time of the Reformation continued to resist the teaching of reformed theology, even to the point of executing those who would not recant their â€Å"unacceptable† views. Occasionally meetings (Diets) were called in an attempt to resolve many of the issues between the established church, the king , and the reformers. In response to Luther’s posting of his 95 theses, in which he publically challenged and condemn many of the practices of the Catholic Church, on the door of Wittenberg church, a papal bull was issued excommunicating Luther from the Catholic Church. Luther publically burned the papal bull on a bonfire, in essence defying the authority of the Pope himself. A diet was called by Emperor Charles V. Held, April 16- May 25, 1521 in Worms, Germany it was intended to determine if Luther was a heretic. Luther was under the impression that it was a hearing to discuss or debate his beliefs, to his surprise he was presented some of his writings and command to recant. In Luther’s response that he could not unless he was convinced that he was wrong. One result of this Diet was the issuing of the Edict of Worms, which condemned Luther as a, â€Å"heretic and an outlaw,† and commanded that he be arrested and his books burned. 2 While Luther struggled in the tight tor the truth in Germany, Zwingli was having more success in Zurich. In the first of four meetings, known as the Zurich Disputation in 529, Zwingli presented his 67 theses which condemned many of limitations and practices of the clergy. He believed that the Bible was its own authority and the Church did not give it power and truth. Jesus was the one and only way to get to God the Father, the Pope did not possess ulti mate power over all spiritual matters, and works cannot achieve merit, for salvation, through their good works. 3 His writings were well received and the Council would put into practices some of his recommendations. Other notable events, though there are many, would be the Augsburg Confession, and The St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre on August 24, 1572. The first was written by Melanchthon, which laid out the fundamental beliefs of faith for the reformers. Presented at the Diet of Augsburg in 1530 it was rejected by the Catholic emperor but adopted by the Lutheran church as their foundational document of faith. 14 St. Bartholomew’s massacre was an attempt by Catherine de’ Medici to cover up an assassination of Admiral Coligny by Catherine and the Duke of Guise. Fearful that an investigation would reveal her part in the plan and that the Huguenots increasing violence, she ordered a massacre of the Huguenots gathered in Paris at the time. 15 Before the conflict was over thousands of Huguenots had been murdered or died from starvation. As has already been mentioned, some of the more well known writings of the reformation include the sixty-seven theses by Zwingli. https://global.oup.com/academic/product/zwingli-9780198263630?cc=ualang=en https://books.google.com/ https://www.liberty.edu/online/ How to cite Protestant Reformation, Papers

Affordable Housing and its Terminology in Western World

Question: Describe about the Affordable Housing and its Terminology in Western World. Answer: Introduction: The aim of the literature review is to evaluate a number of resources regarding affordable housing and its terminology in the Western and other developing countries. Affordable housing is not a recent term and in the recent time, great hype has been made in many countries where the citizens have made certain approaches towards their basic rights of utilizing affordable housing. Countries like USA and Singapore are actively concentrating on their part of fighting for their basic rights (Williams 2015). These situations have made it compulsory for the government as well to think about the citizen of the country and make necessary arrangement to provide good and efficient housing facilities to the people of the country. A detailed description of the findings shall be discussed in the literature review of this topic. Concept of Affordable Housing: There is no official definition of affordable housing but it has been widely accepted that there are a target groups of people who should be provided with housing and staying facility within a particular level of income. It has been pointed out by Salzer et al. (2016), that in case of Western countries with respect to US, if the housing cost is about 30% of the monthly income of the family, it can be said to be affordable. However, it has to be understood that the housing policy might vary from country to country depending upon the economic and societal condition of the particular nation or state. It has been found that local governments of Canada and US are firmly committed towards providing affordable housing to the people of the country (Balbo 2014). If the history of affordable housing has to be considered, it has to be mentioned that projects related to affordable housing has been started from the middle of the 20th century. Asian countries like Singapore and Hong Kong started t heir affordable housing projects from 1950s. In the recent time, certain affordable housing policy has also been made in China for the low income group of people. This approach was made to keep a pace in the growth of the society (McArdle 2016). Affordable housing provides the necessary foundation of house and living area for every people. There has been considerable concern about affordable housing in the major developed and developing countries. Reading Jian, Wei and Daiyun (2013), it has been found that 32% of Worlds population or almost 1 billion people live in slums even in majority of the developing countries. The locus of the global poverty is in fact moving towards the cities and the process has been termed as urbanization of poverty. It has been estimated that apart from the population at the urban regions, there are many people who do not have a proper shelter for the homeless people. In fact, number of people without proper shelter is increasing from time to time (Davison et al. 2013). Characteristics of Affordable housing: Primarily, affordable housing calls for the involvement of the government in the entire developing and planning procedure. The development and the location of building the houses depend on the government of a country. In addition to this, a particular standard and the price of the house are also set by the Government (Massey et al. 2013). For affordable housing, the consumers are fixed. The consumers who are meant for the affordable housing are limited to certain sector of people. For such situations, the consumers get fixed based on the income level. Basically the lower income groups of people are given the opportunity of buying the affordable housing. In this respect, Lawson et al. (2014) commented that it depends on the income of the family members and the money that a family can afford for the sake of housing and shelter. At times, it happens that many people apply for the affordable house because of the low cost of the house even if they have good level of income (Shapiro and Ka marck 2015). It becomes an issue for the Government to allow the basic right to particular group of people. The complete process becomes very complicated for the Government as well to understand the necessity of the people and could not understand whom to provide the necessary housing facility and whom to reject. Affordable Housing Policies in major countries: As stated by Ramli, Zainal and Ali (2016), there are many countries that have housing policies that are persuasive towards modern standard and applied econometrics. Much of the housing policy in the developed countries is redistributive in nature. The housing nature of developed countries like US and Sweden has a strong foundation of the housing structure and has less potential of housing related issues and problems. Human development is always accompanied by urban development. In the view point of Zou (2014), Urbanization comes from the major activities like gathering food and making a proper living collection and infrastructure in order to create a better environment for the survival of human beings. Housing is a symbol of development because it is one of the major requirements of social and economic development of a country (Maclennan et al. 2014). In the view point of Sharam et al. (2016), affordable housing has become an urgent and important topic of discussion in the recent time. In Western Countries, the social welfare system and housing policies are quiet mature as compared to other Asian countries. It has been observed that there remains an economic gap among the people in the society and it is for the same reason, many people could not afford proper housing (Christensen 2016). The price of real estate market has become unstable because many countries have faced major economic crisis after the World War II. It was by the beginning of the 21st Century, houses became more expensive. This has lead to unaffordable house dreams to many (Yates 2013). Providing affordable housing has been an important factor to consider to the Government of many developed countries. Issues in Affordable Housing: As stated by Tan et al. (2014), with the rapid growth and development of cities, the consequence has lead to overcrowding of region. There is no doubt that housing is one of the basic needs of human live. House provides a place for privacy and security for a person. When a large number of people started living in a particular region, there increases the competition among the residents of the place. With the continuous increase in the demand of housing, it resulted in a gap due to less supply of houses to people (Hay 2016). It has to be understood that the construction speed is slow as compared to the increasing demand of the requirement of house. If proper housing is not available to the particular group of people, then there arises crisis in the situation and at the adverse, people become homeless (Morrison and Burgess 2014). In this respect, it has to be said that with increasing number of people going homeless, it affect the developing nature of a particular country. If the situat ion gets worse, a country cannot be given stable developed situation as it has to be. It is therefore, important to keep a stability and sustainability in the growth and development of the infrastructure of the particular region (Austin, Gurran and Whitehead 2014). It is for the same reason, government have to take certain action to include policies that results in low-income household rights to the people of the country. Global affordable housing: Affordable housing is one of the major issues in both Western and Eastern developing countries. There have been many ways of classifying affordable housing. There are different ways of classifying the housing and its characteristics based on its standard. It has to be understood that housing is not only a characteristic of commercial profit but it provides some kind of social security as well (Nguyen, Basolo and Tiwari 2013). Therefore, affordable housing is also an important factor for providing security to the people who are the residents of a particular country. According to the Social Welfare Economic Theory, it has been understood that there welfare economics focus on private and social wealth (Lawson 2013). Sometimes, due to market failure, social fir practices related to wealth and economy is destroyed at certain instances. It has been stated that there should be provision towards making the economic approach similar for the people of country (Nguyen, Basolo and Tiwari 2013). There must be a balance of the complete economic structure in the country that shall keep a balance of the flow of money among the people in the country (Mandelker 2014). It is for the same reason, has been recommended that the higher earning people should be liable to pay more taxes. It is only by this means that there shall be a provision of balancing the entire economic condition of a country. If a check is not kept on the complete process, chances of a fair and balanced economic condition are expected (Maclennan et al. 2014). The concept of affordable housing ca n only be applicable if there is a clear distinction of the rich and the poor. It has to be understood that the affordable housing scheme is for the people who do not have the provision to afford housing for their living. It should be understood that for the people who are financially strong, it is very lucid for them to afford or buy houses for themselves (Nguyen, Basolo and Tiwari 2013). However, the level of comfort varies from the properties of a person to the other. If provision has to be made to keep a safe provision of shelter for the people of a country, it has to be made affordable for the people who are not capable enough to afford their housing. American Housing Act was formed in the year 1937 and was put into action that marked the beginning of the affordable housing features in the country (Mandelker 2014). The effort was made mainly to change the government policy and to make effort and think about the people of the country (Christensen 2016). It has been proposed that federal financial help has to be made to the people belonging to the major slum areas. Renewable projects have to be made which are associated with the development of the slums and the other related urban areas. Again, it was claimed that to increase the authorization for the Federal Housing Administration that helped in the mortgaging process for the people who requires affordable housing for themselves (Mandelker 2014). Provisions were made towards the continuous development and construction of buildings. It was aimed to supply more number of houses to increase the supply of the houses to the people living in the country. The tax payers and developers were asked to contribute towards the building of the houses and other major places where people can stay (Maclennan et al. 2014). The local government has put great impact on solving the problems of the people who did not have the provision of better shelter and residence of self. In fact, it has been committed towards the citizen of the country that low cost housing or housing with low tax or interest to the people who cannot afford proper housing for their shelter. Renting the houses is also another means that has been proposed by the government to support the people in need (Shapiro and Kamarck 2015). It was from this time, it was found that the people of US find it really helpful for themselves and found it helpful for finding a shelter for them. I t was claimed that 25% of the household income shall be made for the sake of house rent (Nguyen, Basolo and Tiwari 2013). Government bodies also supported the low income people and provided help by the means of giving them subsidy or loans. Problems and challenges of affordable housing: It has been observed that in developed and developing countries as well, there have been various issues and challenges related to public housing systems in order to help the lower income group of people. Government plays an effective role in helping the people who are below basic economic level and help them to tackle with the life activities (Shapiro and Kamarck 2015). In places like Sweden where the population is considerably low, providing housing provision and shelter to the people does not become an issue and the government themselves are likely to help the people in need (Maclennan et al. 2014). However, in case of the over populated nations like some countries in Asia, it becomes really challenging for the government as well to provide required provision to the target group of people. In such cases, the government as well as the people has to suffer in addressing the needs of the people. In the same way, if the situation of Singapore is considered, there is also a similar kind of features observed in the country. As commented by Nguyen, Basolo and Tiwari (2013), solving the problems of the people related to the social issues and living factor should remain at the prime factor of requirements that needs to be fulfilled by the government. There is no issue if the common people ask for certain basic rights. The government should take necessary actions to overcome the situations that shall help the citizen to lead a life in comfort (Shapiro and Kamarck 2015). People have been asking for their basic rights of shelter and residence. In many cold countries, it also falls under the responsibility of the Governme (Nguyen, Basolo and Tiwari 2013)nt to think about the condition of the people of those countries. Affordable housing also includes the provision of providing warmth in the houses of the citizens. It has been found that majority of the population of the major develope d countries live in one room. Therefore, if proper provisions are made to keep a stance of the security of the people, affordable housing has to be provided to the people. Conclusion: The literature review section has highlighted the different perspectives of the housing development in major Western Countries. A detailed analysis of the approach of the Government in making the life of the people simple and supporting them with basic living rights have been analyzed. Privatization of housing could not settle the life long dispute that has been going on for the time being. It definitely falls under the consideration and the responsibilities of the Government to understand the importance of basic rights of human that also include the provision of housing. It cannot be denied that housing is an important factor that has to be included in the basic rights of the people. It shall be one of the main input from the government of a developed or a developing country. A country can only be considered developed if all types of rights and authorities are fulfilled by the government. Every major country from the West to the East and the Asian countries as well have understood t he importance of providing the basic housing provision to the people of the particular country. Reference list: Austin, P.M., Gurran, N. and Whitehead, C.M., 2014. Planning and affordable housing in Australia, New Zealand and England: common culture; different mechanisms.Journal of Housing and the Built Environment,29(3), pp.455-472. Balbo, M. 2014, "Beyond the city of developing countries. The new urban order of the emerging city",Planning Theory,vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 269-287. Christensen, P.H., 2016, January. Investigating Solutions To The Affordable Housing Supply Challenges In Sydney, Australia: Considering Alternative Housing Typologies. InPacific Rim Real Estate Society 22nd Annual Conference. Davison, G., Legacy, C., Liu, E., Han, H., Phibbs, P., Van Den Nouwelant, R., Darcy, M. and Piracha, A., 2013. Understanding and addressing community opposition to affordable housing development.Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute (AHURI), pp.135-148. Gibb, K., Maclennan, D. and Stephens, M., 2013. Innovative financing of affordable housing international and UK perspectives. Hay, R., 2016. The changing image of affordable housing: design, gentrification and community in Canada and Europe. Jian, L., Wei, L. and Daiyun, L., 2013. Research on the Planning of Affordable Housing in Metropolis Marginal Areas of Metropolis: Taking Dalian Quanshui Affordable Housing and Public Rental Housing as an Example [J].Huazhong Architecture,1, p.027. Lawson, J., 2013. The use of guarantees in affordable housing investment-a selective international review. Lawson, J., Berry, M., Hamilton, C. and Pawson, H., 2014. Enhancing affordable rental housing investment via an intermediary and guarantee. Maclennan, D., Miao, J.T., Lutero, E., Young, G. and O'Sullivan, T., 2014. Global Affordable Housing Report: BRICS Plus Mortar. Mandelker, D.R., 2014.Land use law. LexisNexis. Massey, D.S., Albright, L., Casciano, R., Derickson, E. and Kinsey, D.N., 2013.Climbing Mount Laurel: The struggle for affordable housing and social mobility in an American suburb. Princeton University Press. McArdle, A.L., 2016. Challenges to Achieving New York City's Affordable Housing Goals: Reconciling Mandatory Inclusionary Housing, Community Preference Requirements, and Fair Housing Laws.Andrea McArdle, Challenges to Achieving New York City's Affordable Housing Goals: Reconciling Mandatory Inclusionary Housing, Community Preference Requirements, and Fair Housing Laws,43. Morrison, N. and Burgess, G., 2014. Inclusionary housing policy in England: the impact of the downturn on the delivery of affordable housing through Section 106.Journal of Housing and the Built Environment,29(3), pp.423-438. Nguyen, M.T., Basolo, V. and Tiwari, A., 2013. Opposition to affordable housing in the USA: Debate framing and the responses of local actors.Housing, Theory and Society,30(2), pp.107-130. Ramli, F., Zainal, R. and Ali, M., 2016. Equilibrium Price Modelling of an Affordable Housing in Malaysia.International Journal of Supply Chain Management,5(3), pp.126-132. Salzer, C., Wallbaum, H., Lopez, L.F., Kouyoumji, J.L., Chalmers University of Technology, Institutionen fr bygg- och miljteknik, Byggnadsteknologi, Chalmers tekniska hgskola Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Building Technology 2016, "Sustainability of Social Housing in Asia: A Holistic Multi-Perspective Development Process for Bamboo-Based Construction in the Philippines",Sustainability,vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 151. Shapiro, R.J. and Kamarck, E.C., 2015. A Strategy to Promote Affordable Housing for All Americans By Recapitalizing Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. Sharam, A., McShane, I., Bryant, L. and de Silva, A., 2016. Are not-for-profit organisations a source of land for affordable housing?. Tan, J., Chen, L., Zou, W. and Zhou, Y., 2014. An Empirical Study on the Impacted Groups of Affordable Housing Termination Policy: A Case from Guangzhou. Williams, P. 2015, "The affordable housing conundrum: shifting policy approaches in Australia",Town Planning Review,vol. 86, no. 6, pp. 651-676. Yates, J., 2013. Evaluating social and affordable housing reform in Australia: lessons to be learned from history.International Journal of Housing Policy,13(2), pp.111-133. Zou, Y., 2014. Contradictions in China's affordable housing policy: Goals vs. structure.Habitat International,41, pp.8-16.